Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 1096: γίνομαιγίνομαι (in Ionic prose writings and in common Greek from Aristotle, on for Attic γίγνομαι); (imperfect ἐγινόμην); future γενήσομαι; 2 aorist ἐγενόμην (often in 3 person singular optative γένοιτο; (participle γεναμενος, Luke 24:22 Tdf. edition 7)), and, with no difference in significance, 1 aorist passive ἐγενήθην, rejected by the Atticists (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 108f; (Thomas Magister, Ritschl edition, p. 75, 6f)), not rare in later Greek, common in the Sept. (Acts 4:4; 1 Thessalonians 2:14; 1 Corinthians 15:10, etc.), imperative γενηθήτω (Matthew 6:10; Matthew 15:28, etc.); perfect γεγένημαι and γέγονα, 3 person plural γέγοναν L T Tr WH in Romans 16:7 and Revelation 21:6 (cf. (Tdf. Proleg., p. 124; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Sophocles Lexicon, p. 37f; Curtius, Das Verbum, 2:187); Winers Grammar, 36 and 76f (73f); Mullach, p. 16; Buttmann, 43 (37f)), (participle γεγονώς); pluperfect 3 person singular ἐγεγόνει (John 6:17 (not Tdf.); Acts 4:22 (where L T Tr WH γεγόνει, cf. Winers Grammar, § 12, 9; Buttmann, 33 (29); Tdf.s note on the passage)); to become, and 1. to become, i. e. to come into existence, begin to be, receive being: absolutely, John 1:15, 30 (ἔμπροσθεν μου γέγονεν); John 8:58 (πρίν Ἀβραάμ γενέσθαι); 1 Corinthians 15:37 (τό σῶμα τό γενησόμενον); ἐκ τίνος, to be born, Romans 1:3 (ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυίδ); Galatians 4:4 (ἐκ γυναικός); Matthew 21:19 (μηκέτι ἐκ σου καρπός γένηται, come from); of the origin of all things, Hebrews 11:3; διά τίνος, John 1:3, 10. to rise, arise, come on, appear, of occurrences in nature or in life: as γίνεται βροντή, John 12:29; ἀστραπή, Revelation 8:5; σεισμός, Rev. ( 2. to become equivalent to to come to pass, happen, of events; a. universally: Matthew 5:18; Matthew 24:6, 20, 34; Luke 1:20; Luke 12:54; Luke 21:28; John 1:28; John 13:19, etc.; τοῦτο γέγονεν, ἵνα etc. this hath come to pass that etc., Matthew 1:22; Matthew 21:4; Matthew 26:56; τά γενόμενα or γινόμενα, Matthew 18:31; Matthew 27:54; Matthew 28:11; Luke 23:48; (cf. τά γενόμενα ἀγαθά, Hebrews 9:11 L WH text Tr marginal reading); τό γενόμενον, Luke 23:47; τό γεγονός, Mark 5:14; Luke 24:12 (T omits; L Tr brackets; WH reject the verse); Acts 4:21; τό ῤῆμα τό γεγονός, Luke 2:15; τά μέλλοντα γίνεσθαι, Luke 21:36; Acts 26:22; τήν ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι, 2 Timothy 2:18; θανάτου γενομένου a death having taken place (German nacherfolgtemTode), Hebrews 9:15. μή γένοιτο, a formula especially frequent in Paul (and in Epictetus, cf. Schweigh. Index Graec. in Epictetus, p. 392), "Far be it! God forbid!" (cf. Morison, Exposition of Romans 3, p. 31f): Luke 20:16; Romans 3:4, 6, 31; Romans 6:2, 15; Romans 7:7, 13; Romans 9:14; Romans 11:1, 11; 1 Corinthians 6:15; Galatians 2:17; Galatians 3:21 (equivalent to חָלִילָה, Joshua 22:29, etc.); cf. Sturz, De dial. Maced. etc., p. 204f; τί γέγονεν, ὅτι etc. what has come to pass, that etc. equivalent to for what reason, why? John 14:22 (τί ἐγένετο, ὅτι ... Ecclesiastes 7:11 (10); τί ἐστιν, ὡς etc., Euripides, Troad. 889). b. Very common in the first three Gospels, especially that of Luke, and in the Acts, is the phrase καί ἐγένετο (וַיְהִי followed by וְ); cf. Winers Grammar, § 65, 4 e. (also § 44, 3 c.), and especially Buttmann, § 141, 6. (a.) καί ἐγένετο καί with a finite verb: Mark 2:15 ((Tr text καί γίνεται), T WH καί γίνεται (followed by the accusative and infinitive)); Luke 2:15 (R G L brackets Tr brackets); c. In like manner ἐγένετο δέ (a.) followed by καί with a finite verb: Luke 5:1; Luke 9:28 (WH text omits; L brackets καί, d. with the dative of person to occur or happen to one, befall one: followed by an infinitive, Acts 20:16; ἐάν γένηται (namely, αὐτῷ) εὑρεῖν αὐτό, if it happen to him, Matthew 18:13; ἐμοί δέ μή γένοιτο καυχᾶσθαι far be it from me to glory, Galatians 6:14 (Genesis 44:7, 17; 1 Kings 20:3 ( 3. to arise, appear in history, come upon the stage: of men appearing in public, Mark 1:4; John 1:6 (on which two passages compare Winers Grammar, 350 (328); Buttmann, 308f (264f)); 2 Peter 2:1; γεγόνασι, have arisen and now exist, 1 John 2:18. 4. to be made, done, finished: τά ἔργα, Hebrews 4:3; διά χειρῶν, of things fabricated, Acts 19:26; of miracles to be performed, wrought: διά τῶν χειρῶν τίνος, Mark 6:2; διά τίνος, Acts 2:43; Acts 4:16, 30; Acts 12:9; ὑπό τίνος, Luke 9:7 (R L (but the latter brackets ὑπ' αὐτοῦ)); Luke 13:17; Luke 23:8; γενόμενα εἰς τήν Καφαρναούμ done unto (on) Capernaum i. e. for its benefit (Winers Grammar, 416 (388); (cf. Buttmann, 333 (286))), Luke 4:23 (Rec. ἐν τῇ Καφαρναούμ) of commands, decisions, purposes, requests, etc. to be done, executed: Matthew 6:10; Matthew 21:21; Matthew 26:42; Mark 11:23; Luke 14:22; Luke 23:24; Acts 21:14; γενήσεται ὁ λόγος will be accomplished the saying, 1 Corinthians 15:54. joined to nouns implying a certain action: ἡ ἀπώλεια γέγονε, Mark 14:4; ἀπογραφή, Luke 2:2; ἐπαγγελία γενομένη ὑπό Θεοῦ given by God, Acts 26:6; ἀνάκρισις, Acts 25:26; νόμου μετάθεσις, Hebrews 7:12; ἄφεσις, Hebrews 9:22. of institutions, laws, etc. to be established, enacted: τό σάββατον ἐγένετο, the institution of the Sabbath, Mark 2:27; ὁ νόμος, Galatians 3:17; οὗ γέγονεν οὕτως hath not been so ordained, Matthew 19:8. of feasts, marriages, entertainments, to be kept, celebrated: τό πάσχα, Matthew 26:2 (equivalent to נַעֲשֶׂה, 2 Kings 23:22); τό σάββατον, Mark 6:2; τά ἐγκαίνια, John 10:22; (γενεσίοις γενομένοις (cf. Winers Grammar, § 31, 9 b.; R G γενεσίων ἀγομένων), Matthew 14:6) (τά Ὀλυμπια, Xenophon, Hell. 7, 4, 28; Ἰσθμια, 4, 5, 1); γάμος, John 2:1. οὕτως γένηται ἐν ἐμοί so done with me, in my case, 1 Corinthians 9:15. 5. to become, be made, "in passages where it is specified who or what a person or thing is or has been rendered, as respects quality, condition, place, rank, character" (Wahl, Clavis Apocr. V. T., p. 101). a. with a predicate added, expressed by a substantive or an adjective: οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι ἄρτοι γένωνται, Matthew 4:3; Luke 4:3; ὕδωρ οἶνον γεγενημένον, John 2:9; ἀρχιερεύς γενόμενος, Hebrews 6:20; διάκονος, Colossians 1:25; ὁ λόγος σάρξ ἐγένετο, John 1:14; ἀνήρ, 1 Corinthians 13:11, and many other examples; χάρις οὐκέτι γίνεται χάρις grace ceases to have the nature of grace, can no longer be called grace, Romans 11:6; ἄκαρπος γίνεται, Matthew 13:22; Mark 4:19; — in Matthew 17:2; Luke 8:17; John 5:6, and many other places. contextually, to show oneself, prove oneself: Luke 10:36; Luke 19:17; Luke 24:19; Romans 11:34; Romans 16:2; 2 Corinthians 1:18 Rec.; 1 Thessalonians 1:6; 1 Thessalonians 2:7; Hebrews 11:6, etc.; especially in exhortations: γίνεσθε, Matthew 10:16; Matthew 24:44; Luke 6:36; Ephesians 4:32; Colossians 3:15; μή γίνου, John 20:27; μή γίνεσθε, Matthew 6:16; Ephesians 5:7, 17; 1 Corinthians 10:7; μή γινώμεθα, Galatians 5:26; hence, used declaratively, equivalent to to be found, shown: Luke 13:2 (that it was shown by their fate that they were sinners); Romans 3:4; 2 Corinthians 7:14; — γίνομαι τίνι τίς to show oneself (to be) someone to one: 1 Corinthians 9:20, 22. b. with an interrogative pronoun as predicate: τί ὁ Πέτρος ἐγένετο what had become of Peter, Acts 12:18 (cf. use of τί ἐγένετο in Act. Phil. in Hell. § 23, Tdf. Acta apost. apocr., p. 104). c. γίνεσθαι ὡς or ὡσεί τινα to become as or like to one: Matthew 10:25; Matthew 18:3; Matthew 28:4; Mark 9:26; Luke 22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); Romans 9:29 (from Isaiah 1:9); 1 Corinthians 4:13; Galatians 4:12. d. γινεσθα εἰς τί to become i. e. be changed into something, come to be, issue in, something (German zuetwaswerden): ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλήν γωνίας, Matthew 21:42; Mark 12:10; Luke 20:17; Acts 4:11; 1 Peter 2:7 — all after Psalm 117:22 e. γίνεσθαι with Cases; (a.) with the genitive to become the property of anyone, to come into the power of a person or thing (cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 5; especially Buttmann, 162 (142)): Luke 20:14 (L marginal reading ἔσται), 33; Revelation 11:15; (γνώμης, Acts 20:3 T Tr WH (cf. ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γίνεσθαι Plutarch, Phocylides, 23, 4)); προφητεία ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται no one can explain prophecy by his own mental power (it is not a matter of subjective interpretation), but to explain it one needs the same illumination of the Holy Spirit in which it originated, for etc. 2 Peter 1:20. γενέσθαι with a genitive indicating one's age (to be) so many years old: Luke 2:42; 1 Timothy 5:9. (b.) with the dative (cf. W 210f (198)): γίνεσθαι ἀνδρί to become a man's wife, Romans 7:3f (לְאִישׁ הָיָה, Leviticus 22:12; Ruth 1:12, etc.). f. joined to prepositions with their substantives; ἐν τίνι, to come or pass into a certain state (cf. Buttmann, 330 (284)): ἐν ἀγωνία, Luke 22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); ἐν ἐκστάσει, Acts 22:17; ἐν πνεύματι, Revelation 1:10; Revelation 4:2; ἐν δόξῃ (R. V. came with (in) glory), 2 Corinthians 3:7; ἐν παραβάσει, 1 Timothy 2:14; ἐν ἑαυτῷ, to come to himself, recover reason, Acts 12:11 (also in Greek writings; cf. Hermann ad Vig., p. 749); ἐν Χριστῷ, to be brought to the fellowship of Christ, to become a Christian, Romans 16:7; ἐν ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων, to become like men, Philippians 2:7; ἐν λόγῳ κολακείας (R. V. were we found using) flattering speech, 1 Thessalonians 2:5. ἐπάνω τίνος to be placed over a thing, Luke 19:19. μετά τίνος or σύν τίνι to become one's companion, associate with him: Mark 16:10; Acts 7:38; Acts 20:18; ὑπό τινα to be made subject to one, Galatians 4:4. (Cf. h. below.) g. with specification of the terminus of motion or the place of rest: εἰς with the accusative of place, to come to some place, arrive at something, Acts 20:16; Acts 21:17; Acts 25:15; ὡς ἐγένετο ... εἰς τά ὦτα μου when the voice came into my ears, Luke 1:44; εἰς with the accusative of person, of evils coming upon one, Revelation 16:2 R G; of blessings, Galatians 3:14; 1 Thessalonians 1:5 (Lachmann πρός; Acts 26:6 L T Tr WH); γενέσθαι ἐπί τοῦ τόπου, Luke 22:40; ἐπί τῆς γῆς, John 6:21 (Tdf. ἐπί τήν γῆν); ὧδε, John 6:25 (ἐκεῖ, Xenophon, an. 6, 3 (5), 20; (cf. Buttmann, 71)); ἐπί with the accusative of place, Luke 24:22; Acts 21:35; (John 6:21 Tdf.); ἐγένετο διωγμός ἐπί τήν ἐκκλησίαν, Acts 8:1; ἐγένετο φόβος or θάμβος ἐπί πάντας, Luke 1:65; Luke 4:36; Acts 5:5, 11; (ἔκστασις, Acts 10:10 (Rec. ἐπέπεσεν)); ἕλκος κακόν καί πονηρόν ἐπί τούς ἀνθρώπους, Revelation 16:2 L T Tr WH; ἐγένετο ... ῤῆμα ἐπί τινα, λόγος or φωνή πρός τινα (came to): Luke 3:2; John 10:35; Acts 7:31 (Rec.); |
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